Red, White and Blue Electrolysis Chemistry Demonstration

Red, White and Blue Electrolysis Chemistry Demonstration Here is a perfect electrochemistry chem demo for the 4th of July or other patriotic holiday. Use salt bridges to connect three beakers of liquids (clear, red, clear). Apply a voltage and watch the solutions turn red, white and blue. Patriotic Colors Electrolysis Demo Materials 500 mL 1M potassium nitrate, KNO3 (make this)1 mL thymolphthalein indicator solution (make this)2 mL phenolphthalein solutionapproximately 2 mL 0.1M sodium hydroxide, NaOH (make this)approximately 1 mL 0.1M sulfuric acid, H2SO4 (make this)3 250-mL beakers3 8-mm x 200-mm carbon rods25-cm uninsulated 14-ga copper wire10-cm rubber tubing, approximately 5-mm outside diameter#6 rubber stopper, 1-hole2 U-tubes, 100-mm, 13-mm outside diameter4 cotton balls3 20-cm glass stirring rodsadjustable DC power supply that can produc 1 amp at 10 volts (e.g., automotive battery charger)clip leads Prepare the Red, White, and Blue Demonstration Pour 150 mL of 1.0M KNO3 into each of the three beakers.Line the beakers up in a row. Place a carbon electrode in each beaker.Wrap one end of the copper wire around one the carbon electrodes at the end of the row. Slip rubber tubing over the copper wire to cover the exposed wire that will be between the electrodes. Wrap the other end of the copper wire around the third carbon electrode, at the end of the row of beakers. Skip the center carbon rod and be sure no exposed copper touches it.Fill the two U-tubes with 1M KNO3 solution. Plug the ends of each tube with cotton balls. Invert one of the U-tubes and hang it over the rim of the left and center beaker. The arms of the U-tube should be immersed in the liquid. Repeat the procedure with the second U-tube and the center and right beakers. There should not be an air bubble in either U-tube. If there is, remove the tube and re-fill it with KNO3 solution.Place a glass stirring rod in each beaker.Make certain the power supply is off and t hen connect the positive () terminal to the central carbon electrode and the negative (-) terminal to one of the outer carbon electrodes. Add 1 mL of thymolphthalein solution to the beaker on the right and 1 mL of phenolphthalein indicator to each of the other two beakers.Add 1 mL of 0.1M NaOH solution to the middle beaker. Stir the contents of each beaker. From left to right, the solutions should be: clear, red, clear.These solutions may be stored in sealed containers and may be re-used to repeat the demonstration. If the colors become faint, more indicator solution may be added. Perform the Demonstration Turn on the power supply. Adjust it to 10 volts.Wait 15 minutes. Turn off the power supply and stir each solution.At this point, the solutions should now appear red, colorless and blue. You may wish to place a white sheet of paper or posterboard behind the beakers to display the colors. Also, this makes the center beaker appear white.You can return the solutions to their original colors by reversing the connections to the power supply adjusting it to 10 volts, and allowing 20 minutes before turning off the power and stirring the solutions.Another way to return the solutions to their original colors is to add 0.1 M H2SO4 to the beakers on the end until the liquids turn colorless. Add 0.1 M NaOH to the middle beaker until the liquid turns from clear to red. Disposal When the demonstration is complete, the solutions may be rinsed down the drain with water. How It Works The chemical reaction in this demonstration is simple electrolysis of water: The color change is a result of the pH shift accompanying electrolysis acting on the pH indicators, which were selected to produce the desired colors. The anode is located in the center beaker, where water is oxidized to produce oxygen gas. Hydrogen ions are produced, decreasing the pH. 2 H2O(l) → O2(g) 4 H(aq) 4 e- Cathodes are located on either side of the anode. In these beakers, water is reduced to form hydrogen gas: 4 H2O(l) 4 e- → 2 H2(g) 4 OH-(aq) The reaction produces hydroxide ions, which increase the pH. Other Patriotic Chem Demos Red, White and Blue Density ColumnColored Fireworks DemonstrationFireworks in a Glass - Safe Demo for Kids References B. Z. Shakhashiri, 1992, Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, vol. 4, pp. 170-173.R. C. Weast, Ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 66th ed., p. D-148, CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL (1985).

The Principles of Management Communications Used to Successfully Research Paper

The Principles of Management Communications Used to Successfully Achieve Organizational Objectives - Research Paper Example In other words, in an organizational set up, communication has to involve the transfer of meaning and information from managers to employees and vice versa. The information communicated could take a wide range of forms that may involve symbols, words, numbers, and concepts among others. For any conveyed meaning or information to make sense, the receiver of such information has to make meaning from the conveyed elements. Therefore, considering that communication involves making meaning of the sent information, it would follow that organizations that design effective communication policies in their organizational management would perform much better than those with inferior communication strategies. Any organization has to put in place norms standards of communication that would lead to effective communication that result to change within the organization. Management involves the process of directing others to achieve organizational goals. Managers and employees have to be active listeners and pay attention to details for such communication to be effective. Research in Oncology has revealed that effective listening can be accommodating to others, leading to effective communication (Cohn, 2007). For instance, it is necessary to have communication at the same level. In other words, instead of communicating while one is standing, there is a need for both communicators to sit and have an eye-to-eye contact. Gupta (2013) further elaborates the need to have emotional contact expressed through facial or eye-to-eye contact as well as the use of maintaining a cordial relationship through proper tones, gaze or touch during such communication. Cohn (2007) further elaborates the need to av oid prejudgments during communication by allowing the speaker to express themselves fully without interruptions or unnecessary criticism. Moreover, there is a need to show emotional connectedness with the speaker by reflecting back to

Contrasting learning and intellectual disabilities Essay

Contrasting learning and intellectual disabilities - Essay Example Students with learning disabilities need alternative learning methods, in a manner similar to a student who needs glasses to see (Hallahan, 2011). They require help, and with it they work as much as their peers. Intellectual disabilities, on the other hand, are those that decrease the cognitive skill of the student in a major way (Hallahan, 2011). Some of the similarities between students with learning disabilities and students with intellectual disabilities are that they have low expectations, are academically and socially unwary, lack of self drive, are poor in interpreting important things, poor family preparation for school and have gaps in technology access (Hallahan, 2011). What I would like to explore more about is how intellectual disabilities decrease the cognitive process of a student and how a student might be helped to grow from this challenge. As I was conducting my study, I learned that intellectual disability is worse compared to learning disability; therefore, it would be vital to find ways to assist students whom this condition is

Discovering Our Identity Is Both Challenging And Ongoing Essay Example for Free

Discovering Our Identity Is Both Challenging And Ongoing Essay Finding ourselves can be a described as a difficult and never ending process. People can unearth new aspects of their identities every day, from new experiences and partaking in different activities with different people. An individual can spend their whole lives searching for answers about themselves and about their life. However, for some people, their identity comes more naturally. Discovering our identity come from learning about our heritage, engaging with different people who shape and mould us as individuals and our religion. Examples of this are displayed constantly in our world, on personal, local and global levels. Learning about our heritage can be crucial in discovering our identity. Our culture and genetics makes up such a big part of who we are as human beings. With so many contrasting and unique cultures in this world, uncovering more about our own culture can be very eye opening, and help shape who we become as people. Two of my cousins were adopted from Korea. Although they fit in with the Australian culture very well and identify as being Australian, a very strong part of them is still connected to Korea. They call themselves â€Å"Kozzies†, and often joke about their Asian-Australian upbringing. Their parents recently took them on a holiday to Seoul, which is where they were both born. This experience was very enlightening for them, and taught them so much about themselves as people. This is an example of how discovering more about our cultural background can aid us in uncovering aspects of our identity. Although they believe they don’t belong in Korea, their interest in the Korean culture is still very strong, and they both want to endeavor to unearth more about their genetics, and biological family. Interacting with different people can be a major contributant to our learning about our own identity. Generally humans tend to surround themselves with like minded people. However, when an individual finds themselves in a different environment with contrasting personalities, they have to adjust accordingly. This may include changing aspects of themselves. In Wildcat Falling, the protagonist meets a woman called June, who is studying psychology at University. It is clear that both Wildcat and June come from opposite socioeconomic groups and have very diverse lifestyles. However, Wildcat  engages with June, and although he appears dismissive and uncaring, he is generally stimulated by their conversation. Through this interaction, Wildcat discovers that perhaps he could be interested in leading a different lifestyle to his criminal past. Similarly, in life, people discover new things about themselves constantly through interaction with others. Through conversation and association with other people, our views and values can change. On a local level, debate about same-sex marriage has sparked controversy in our society. The national discussion on equality has caused divides between many people and calls for ethical decisions to be made. Through debates with others and general conversation, we can learn more about ourselves, and our values, which make up a very large part of our identity. Our identity can be impacted and shaped around our religion. Around the world there are many people who identify with contrasting and diverse religions. These religions can provide a comfort to people and act as a way to bring communities together. However they can also be the cause of conflict between groups of people. Many wars have been fought over religion and many religious extremists can be the cause of political controversy. In investing oneself to a religion, many people find a satisfaction because they feel part of something. They feel like they a part of a community, of something bigger than themselves. Religion is a world wide practice, and it through learning and developing deep connections to their religion, people can discover parts of themselves they never knew existed. Some people don’t yet believe in anything, and are still searching for answers about the earth, and universe. In doing this, they are learning about themselves and their beliefs. Sometimes it can be difficult to commit to a religion. Because people believe in some aspects of it, but disagree with others. Thus, our opinions are formulated, which in turn help to shape parts of our individuality. With the vast amount of individuals occupying this earth at anyone time, it is impossible for us to be completely individual. From birth be are programed to be a particular way. Due to our genetics and our culture, we are destined to have particular features, and be predisposed to have  specific diseases. As we grow up, our culture can have a very profound effect on our identity. It can effect our whole mentality and the way we behave. Our identity can also be said to be comprised of the personalities of the many people who have influenced us throughout our life. These people in some way or another, have had an effect on us. This could have changed a small or large part of our identity. Our religious practices can have a profound effect on our identity. Religion can either play a small or large part on our lives, however it is always influencing us in one way or another, whether it be our own religion, or the actions of others due to religion, we are always concocting opinions on i t.

Oedipus - He tried and failed. :: Classics

Oedipus - He tried and failed. Oedipus is one of the most famous tragic characters of Greek drama. Sophocles, a famous composer of tragic Greek drama, wrote Oedipus the King. In this drama, Oedipus is just a good king trying to help his people by punishing a criminal for a certain crime he committed. Even though he tries so hard not to do what was foretold that he would do, he ends up doing it all the same. He was innocent of the knowledge of what he was doing, but guilty of the act he commits. He is a good king in trying to help his people, without his knowing it, he is the cause of the problem he is trying to solve, and when he tries to avoid the unavoidable, he finds that he is the reason for the problem. Oedipus is a good king, just trying to save his people by removing the plague. In his attempt at trying to be the savior of his people, he condemns the man who killed the former king. He wants to punish that man because he is the reason for the plague that is harming his people. He says, "Whoever he was that killed the king may readily wish to dispatch me with his murderous hand; so helping the dead king I help myself." (161-4) What he does not realize is that he is the culprit, the reason for the problem, and because he is going unpunished, the plague had continued. When Oedipus is a young adult, he goes to the oracle of Apollo, who tells him that he will one day kill his father and marry his mother. Oedipus, who has no idea that he is adopted at the time, flees his home in fear that he will cause harm to the parents he loves. After he leaves Delphi, the place of the oracle, he meets a man in a chariot whose charioteer tells him to move aside. When he refuses, the other man attacks him, and then Oedipus turns and kills them all. He comes to Thebes; the people were under siege by a Sphinx. After he saves the town, he is given the queen, Jocasta, to be his wife as a reward. What he does not know was that the one of the men he killed was his father and the woman that he marries is his mother. Oedipus the king never considers what he had done, until he hears certain pieces of information and starts to piece things together. He finds out that what was foretold to him, his killing his father and

“Queen of the Nile” in Jeopardy

â€Å"Queen of the Nile† does not literally mean a woman in a throne; nevertheless, one could imagine it as such since it is a well-known hotel and casino which caters a variety of people. The said hotel is known to be owned by DWI and its operations are supervised by the mentioned company. It is located on the Mississippi River waterfront in New Orleans where it attracts visitors and even locals. The Egyptian themed hotel’s customers are usually of Middle Eastern or Northern African nationals. Recently, there has been an increase in anti-Arab sentiments that have demonstrated violence and terrorism to voice out their emotions. The Queen of the Nile hotel and casino is not an exception to this malady. The management of the said hotel has currently received terrorism and violent threats and has essentially, suffered losses due to snipers. The management of the hotel and DWI is now in a very tight situation since the threats have been continuously arriving. The people concerned should act immediately or else the Queen of the Nile will be â€Å"enthroned†. Legal Implications The hotel management is now faced with the legal issues the situation may bring. The anti-Arab sentiments group wanted the management to restrict the hotel’s customers to anyone except Arab or Arab-American visitors. Essentially, this is in violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 where the act grants everyone equal rights to services without discrimination on the ground of national origin (Civil Rights Act of 1964). In addition, the Arab and Arab-American customers have asserted that if the hotel does prohibit the entry of the said nationals, they will boycott DWI products and services. Moreover, if the management will file a case regarding the issue, they will probably be denied the exception of the 1964 Act as in the case of two previous lawsuits. First, the Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. who appealed that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was unconstitutional, lost their lawsuit (Atlanta vs. U.S. et.al.). In this case, the hotel refuses Negro customers and was declared in violation of the act. The same happened with the case of Katzenbach vs. McClung, where Ollie’s Barbecue limited their dine-in services to white customers. Although in this case, the court first ruled in favor of the business establishment, then the appeal of the other party was welcomed and the judgment was reversed. This might also happen to Queen of the Nile. And truly, the prohibition of customers from a particular nationality which is a form of discrimination is an obvious violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Ethical Implications Ethical issues also arise with the situation at hand. As has been reported, a few guests and employees have already become victims of this violence and terrorism. As long as the safety of the employees and guests is concerned, the management is formally responsible and should have an assurance that security is on top priority. It is true that the hotel has already increased its security measures, however, it is also exhibited that these efforts are ineffective. The business’s stability; therefore is in jeopardy until such situation has been put under control. The security of the building is also in danger. Facilities and the architecture may be damaged if terrorist acts continue to rain on the hotel’s management. Damage of buildings and other facilities may result to a significant loss for the hotel. Moreover, due to the threats encountered by the hotel management, peace and order in the vicinity where the hotel is located is disrupted. This is a very delicate issue on ethics since the residents around the hotel might propose the closure of the hotel which can be the worst that it can get. Conclusion Let’s analyze the situation the Queen of the Nile is encountering at present. The anti-Arab groups wanted them to reject Arab customers with the threat that if they do not do so, violence will befall them. On the other hand, if they give in to this blackmail, the Arab-American Community will boycott their products and services. The management can try to reject the Arab customers and the voilence will surely cease. However, the people may sue the hotel management and plea for a violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. If this is the decision the management will venture in, then, they should be prepared legally. And I think, they have a good chance to win the case. That is, if they plead that they do not have a choice but to conform to the blackmail since if they don’t, peace and order, security and safety of the employees and customers will be compromised. Unlike the previous cases, the management of the Queen of the Nile is faced with terrorism threats which is somehow, a form of disruption of commerce. If the hotel will appeal to the court justice to attack the Civil Rights Act, surely, they will lose, nevertheless, the hotel may appeal to have an exemption to the rule since the issue was not actually a personal matter but rather a security matter where the safety of the customers is in jeopardy. This is the plan I recommended the management to undertake. References FindLaw for Legal Professionals. 1964, 14 December. Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. vs. United States et.al.Retrieved April 22, 2008, from http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=US&vol=379&page=241 FindLaw for Legal Professionals. 1964, 14 December. Katzenbach vs. McClung. Retrieved Aprill 22, 2008 from http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=379&invol=294 U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1997, 15 January. Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Retrieved Aprill 22, 2008 from http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/vii.html            

Tattoos Should Be Allowed in the Workplace Essay - 1507 Words

In today’s world there are several occupations one may choose from once receiving an education. Whether a person wants to be a doctor, a teacher, or a business person, one should be able to use their education to gain access to that job. Getting a job is no easy task, for there are many people who are also searching for that same job. Employers will interview many people just to find the right one and often times will have many stand-out applications to evaluate. When it comes down to making a decision, something as simple as having a tattoo could ruin every hope one has of getting the job. One may ask, â€Å"why does having a tattoo ruin ones chance of getting a job?† A tattoo would ruin one’s chances at getting a job simply because it is†¦show more content†¦Tattoos are often times gang affiliated for members to show loyalty to the gang. Simply having a tattoo could potentially raise eyebrows from peers and employers. A situation in 2002 led to a polic e officer being forced to wear long sleeves and pants to conceal his tattoos. The department, which allowed for it’s officers to have tattoos, decided to make one officer hide his tattoos because â€Å"[they] were so excessive as to be unprofessional.† The tattoos that were being prohibitedd included â€Å"a Celtic tribal band, a Celtic design with his wife’s name, a mermaid, a family crest, the cartoon character Jessica Rabbitt, and, on his back, a two-foot by two-foot full-color rendering of St. Michael spearing Satan.† One can only wonder why one man’s tattoos are considered unprofessional while other’s are not. Although there are people who are quick to judge and view tattoos in a bad light, there are also the people who keep an open mind and see it for the art that it is. Tattoos have become an up and coming trend leaving employers less likely to have tattoos. 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